Conjunctivitis

The conjunctiva is the delicate lining that covers your eyelid and is part of the outer surface of the eyeball. Conjunctivitis is a common form of ocular infection in which the conjunctiva becomes irritated or inflamed by bacteria, viruses, allergies, or chemical irritants such as household cleaners.

There are many forms of conjunctivitis, and symptoms can range from itchy, burning or teary eyes (allergic conjunctivitis) to more severe cases commonly known as "pink eye" (bacterial conjunctivitis) and viral conjunctivitis. Each type requires different treatment, and except for allergic and chemical conjunctivitis, is highly contagious. Because of the similarity of symptoms, only your doctor can distinguish between them and determine the appropriate therapy.

Bacterial conjunctivitis is common worldwide and occurs in otherwise healthy individuals. It is often caused by bacteria such as staphylococcus and streptococcus. Acute bacterial conjunctivitis is characterized by a thick, white or creamy discharge. The eyelid may swell and itch intensely. There is redness, tearing and often a gritty feeling. It usually affects only one eye, but may spread easily to the other eye. The most common form of bacterial conjunctivitis is known as "pink eye", but there other types as well.

Blepharitis

Blepharitis (from the Greek word blepheron, meaning eyelid) is an inflammation of the eyelids, particularly the eyelid margins where the eyelashes grow. It's a common disorder that results from a malfunction of the oil glands at the base of the eyelashes. This malfunction can lead to the growth of bacteria, which can irritate and inflame the eyelids. An eyelid with blepharitis may become itchy and appear red and swollen with scaly, greasy debris along the lid margin. Blepharitis can be a chronic condition that is difficult to treat.